You are developing a serverless web application on AWS that allows users to upload images. The application requires the following: 1. The uploaded images should be stored securely. 2. The application should trigger image processing as soon as an image is uploaded. 3. Processed images should be stored in another location for retrieval. Which combination of AWS services and features should you use to meet these requirements?

A. Amazon S3 with S3 Event Notifications to trigger an AWS Lambda function for image processing

C. AWS Lambda to process the uploaded images and store the processed images in another S3 bucket

E. Amazon S3 with versioning enabled for secure storage of both uploaded and processed images

A. Amazon S3 with S3 Event Notifications to trigger an AWS Lambda function for image processing

B. Amazon DynamoDB to store the uploaded images and use DynamoDB Streams to trigger image processing

C. AWS Lambda to process the uploaded images and store the processed images in another S3 bucket

D. Amazon SQS to handle image processing requests and Amazon RDS to store the images

E. Amazon S3 with versioning enabled for secure storage of both uploaded and processed images

Amazon Web ServicesAssociate levelDVA-C02

DVA-C02 exam dumps: 398 free AWS Developer Associate practice questions

Free DVA-C02 practice questions for the AWS Certified Developer - Associate exam, with the correct answer and a full explanation for every option. Read the first 10 below, browse all 398 by number, or take a timed practice exam.

Question bank last updated December 2024

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Free DVA-C02 practice questions

Questions 1 to 10 of 398

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DVA-C02 Question 1

Select 3

You are developing a serverless web application on AWS that allows users to upload images. The application requires the following:

The uploaded images should be stored securely.
The application should trigger image processing as soon as an image is uploaded.
Processed images should be stored in another location for retrieval.

Which combination of AWS services and features should you use to meet these requirements?

A
Amazon S3 with S3 Event Notifications to trigger an AWS Lambda function for image processing
B
Amazon DynamoDB to store the uploaded images and use DynamoDB Streams to trigger image processing
C
AWS Lambda to process the uploaded images and store the processed images in another S3 bucket
D
Amazon SQS to handle image processing requests and Amazon RDS to store the images
E
Amazon S3 with versioning enabled for secure storage of both uploaded and processed images

Show answer and explanation

Correct answers: A, C, E

Explanation

To meet the requirements, Amazon S3 is used to securely store uploaded images. S3 Event Notifications can automatically trigger an AWS Lambda function for image processing. The Lambda function processes the image and stores the processed version in another S3 bucket. Enabling S3 versioning ensures secure storage and prevents accidental overwrites or deletions. This combination of services ensures a serverless, scalable, and secure architecture.

A. Correct.
Amazon S3 with S3 Event Notifications allows you to trigger an AWS Lambda function when an object is uploaded to a bucket, which is suitable for this use case.
B. Incorrect.
Amazon DynamoDB is not suitable for storing images because it is a NoSQL database designed for structured data, not binary files such as images.
C. Correct.
AWS Lambda can be used to process the images (e.g., resizing or applying filters) and store the processed images in another S3 bucket.
D. Incorrect.
Amazon SQS and Amazon RDS are not ideal for this use case. SQS is primarily for decoupling components, and RDS is a relational database, not designed to store images.
E. Correct.
Amazon S3 with versioning enabled enhances the security and durability of stored images by keeping multiple versions of objects, ensuring data is not lost.

DVA-C02 Question 2

Single answer

You are developing a serverless application that processes images uploaded to an S3 bucket. When a new image is uploaded, metadata about the image needs to be stored in a DynamoDB table. The solution should scale automatically and ensure that no images are missed. Which of the following is the most appropriate architecture for this requirement?

A
Set up an Amazon S3 event notification to trigger an AWS Lambda function that processes the image metadata and stores it in DynamoDB.
B
Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration to send image metadata directly to DynamoDB.
C
Set up an Amazon S3 event notification to send the image metadata to an Amazon SQS queue, and then create an EC2 instance to process the metadata and store it in DynamoDB.
D
Create a CloudWatch Events rule to monitor the S3 bucket for new image uploads and trigger a Lambda function to process and store the metadata in DynamoDB.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

The most appropriate solution leverages S3 event notifications to directly trigger an AWS Lambda function. This architecture is serverless, scalable, and simplifies the processing of image metadata. Lambda integrates seamlessly with both S3 and DynamoDB, making it the ideal choice for this requirement.

A. Correct.
This is the correct option. S3 event notifications can directly trigger a Lambda function, which is well-suited for serverless event-driven architectures. The Lambda function can process the image metadata and store it in DynamoDB, ensuring scalability and reliability.
B. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration is used to accelerate data transfers to S3, not to process or transfer metadata to DynamoDB.
C. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. While SQS could be used as an intermediary, setting up an EC2 instance to process the metadata is not a cost-effective or scalable solution compared to a serverless approach using Lambda.
D. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. CloudWatch Events is not designed to monitor S3 bucket events for object uploads. S3 event notifications are the correct mechanism for this use case.

DVA-C02 Question 3

Single answer

You are developing a serverless web application using AWS Lambda, Amazon API Gateway, and Amazon DynamoDB. The application requires secure, temporary access to write data to the DynamoDB table from the Lambda function. How should you configure this access?

A
Attach an inline policy with write permissions to the Lambda function's execution role.
B
Hardcode AWS credentials as environment variables in the Lambda function.
C
Create an IAM user with write permissions to DynamoDB and use its access keys in the Lambda function.
D
Grant write permissions to the DynamoDB table for all users in the account.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

The best practice for granting access to AWS services, such as DynamoDB, from a Lambda function is to use the Lambda function's execution role. You can attach an inline policy to the execution role with the necessary permissions, such as the write permissions required in this scenario. This approach ensures that temporary credentials are securely and automatically provided to the Lambda function, adhering to the principle of least privilege.

A. Correct.
Correct. Attaching an inline policy with write permissions to the Lambda function's execution role ensures secure, temporary access to the DynamoDB table. This is the recommended practice for assigning permissions in AWS serverless architectures.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Hardcoding AWS credentials in the Lambda function's environment variables is a security risk and violates best practices. AWS credentials should never be hardcoded.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Creating an IAM user and using its access keys in the Lambda function is not a secure or scalable solution, and it doesn't leverage temporary credentials provided by the execution role.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Granting write permissions to all users in the account creates a security vulnerability by over-provisioning access to the DynamoDB table.

DVA-C02 Question 4

Single answer

You are developing a serverless application using AWS Lambda, and you need to securely retrieve database credentials stored in AWS Secrets Manager. The Lambda function should only have access to the specific secret it needs. How can you configure this setup?

A
Attach an IAM policy to the Lambda function's execution role, allowing it to retrieve any secret in AWS Secrets Manager.
B
Create an IAM policy that grants access only to the specific secret ARN in Secrets Manager and attach it to the Lambda function's execution role.
C
Embed the database credentials directly into the Lambda function code for quick access.
D
Use environment variables to store the database credentials in plaintext and reference them in the Lambda function code.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B

Explanation

The best practice for securely accessing secrets in AWS is to use AWS Secrets Manager with fine-grained IAM permissions. By creating an IAM policy that grants access only to the specific secret ARN and attaching it to the Lambda function's execution role, you ensure that the Lambda function has the necessary access while adhering to the principle of least privilege. This reduces the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive credentials.

A. Incorrect.
Granting access to all secrets in Secrets Manager is overly permissive and violates the principle of least privilege. This option is not secure.
B. Correct.
This approach follows the principle of least privilege by granting access only to the specific secret ARN that the Lambda function needs. It is the best practice for securing sensitive information.
C. Incorrect.
Embedding database credentials directly into the Lambda function code is not a secure practice. If the code is compromised, the credentials could be exposed.
D. Incorrect.
Storing database credentials in plaintext as environment variables is a security risk, as they can be easily accessed if the environment variables are exposed.

DVA-C02 Question 5

Single answer

You are developing a serverless application using AWS Lambda. Your function processes images uploaded to an S3 bucket and stores metadata in an Amazon DynamoDB table. After deployment, you notice that some images are not processed and the Lambda function logs show throttling errors when writing to DynamoDB. What is the best way to address this issue?

A
Increase the write capacity of the DynamoDB table to handle the higher throughput.
B
Enable DynamoDB Auto Scaling to dynamically adjust the table's write capacity.
C
Configure the Lambda function to retry failed writes to DynamoDB using an exponential backoff strategy.
D
Use the S3 Event Notification feature to ensure that each image triggers exactly one Lambda invocation.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B

Explanation

The issue here is caused by insufficient write capacity in the DynamoDB table, leading to throttling errors. Enabling DynamoDB Auto Scaling allows the table to automatically scale its capacity to match the workload, avoiding these errors while maintaining cost efficiency. Other options either address symptoms of the issue or do not resolve the core problem of write capacity limits.

A. Incorrect.
Increasing the write capacity manually can work, but it's not ideal as it doesn't adjust dynamically with fluctuating workloads. This approach may lead to over-provisioning or under-provisioning of capacity.
B. Correct.
Enabling DynamoDB Auto Scaling is the best option as it allows the table to automatically adjust its read and write capacity in response to changing traffic patterns, preventing throttling errors.
C. Incorrect.
Configuring retries with exponential backoff can reduce the impact of throttling errors, but it doesn't address the root cause, which is insufficient write capacity in DynamoDB.
D. Incorrect.
Using the S3 Event Notification feature ensures that each image triggers a Lambda invocation, but it does not solve the DynamoDB throttling issue.

DVA-C02 Question 6

Select 2

You are developing a serverless application using AWS Lambda. Your application processes images and stores the output in an Amazon S3 bucket. Recently, you noticed that the image processing times have increased significantly during periods of high traffic. You want to optimize the application while keeping costs low. What should you do?

A
Increase the memory allocated to the Lambda function since it also increases the available CPU power.
B
Enable AWS X-Ray to analyze the performance bottlenecks in your Lambda function.
C
Configure reserved concurrency for your Lambda function to handle more simultaneous executions.
D
Implement an Amazon SQS queue to decouple the image upload process from the image processing Lambda function.
E
Use Provisioned Concurrency for the Lambda function to reduce cold start latency during high traffic.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answers: A, D

Explanation

To optimize the Lambda function for high traffic, you should consider increasing its memory allocation to improve processing performance and implement an Amazon SQS queue to buffer and decouple incoming requests. These approaches enhance the scalability and efficiency of the application without introducing unnecessary costs or complexity.

A. Correct.
Correct. Increasing the memory allocated to a Lambda function can improve performance because AWS allocates more CPU power proportionally to the memory setting. This can reduce processing times during high traffic.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. While AWS X-Ray can help analyze performance bottlenecks, it does not directly optimize the Lambda function or reduce the processing time.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Configuring reserved concurrency limits the maximum number of simultaneous executions, which could actually throttle your function during high traffic rather than optimizing it.
D. Correct.
Correct. Implementing an Amazon SQS queue decouples the image upload process from the Lambda function, allowing the function to process tasks asynchronously and handle spikes in traffic more effectively.
E. Incorrect.
Incorrect. While Provisioned Concurrency is useful for reducing cold start latency, the scenario does not mention cold start issues, and it could increase costs unnecessarily.

DVA-C02 Question 7

Select 3

You are developing a serverless application using AWS Lambda and Amazon S3. Your application processes images uploaded to an S3 bucket by resizing them. You want to ensure the Lambda function is triggered automatically each time a new image is uploaded. Which of the following steps do you need to take to achieve this?

A
Create an S3 event notification on the bucket and configure it to trigger your Lambda function.
B
Grant the S3 bucket permission to invoke the Lambda function by adding the appropriate permissions to the bucket policy.
C
Add a trigger for the S3 bucket in the Lambda function configuration.
D
Ensure the Lambda function has an execution role with permissions to access the S3 bucket.
E
Enable versioning on the S3 bucket to allow Lambda to process events reliably.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answers: A, C, D

Explanation

To automatically trigger a Lambda function when a new image is uploaded to an S3 bucket, you need to configure an S3 event notification on the bucket, add the bucket as a trigger in the Lambda function configuration, and ensure the Lambda function has an execution role with appropriate permissions. Adding permissions to the S3 bucket or enabling versioning is not necessary for this use case.

A. Correct.
This step is correct and required. S3 event notifications allow you to configure a bucket to trigger a Lambda function when specific events occur, such as object creation.
B. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. The S3 bucket does not need permissions to invoke the Lambda function; instead, the Lambda function needs permissions to interact with the S3 bucket.
C. Correct.
This step is correct. You need to add a trigger to associate the S3 bucket with the Lambda function so that the function is invoked on relevant events.
D. Correct.
This step is correct. The Lambda function requires an execution role with permissions (e.g., s3:GetObject) to access the S3 bucket and process the objects.
E. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. While versioning is useful for data integrity and recovery, it is not required for setting up S3 event notifications or triggering a Lambda function.

DVA-C02 Question 8

Select 2

You are developing a serverless application hosted on AWS using AWS Lambda. The application needs to process messages from an Amazon SQS queue. To ensure the Lambda function can read messages from the queue, which of the following steps must you take?

A
Attach an IAM policy to the Lambda execution role that grants the 'sqs:ReceiveMessage' permission on the specific queue.
B
Enable the event source mapping between the SQS queue and the Lambda function.
C
Configure the SQS queue to trigger the Lambda function by adding the Lambda function's ARN to the queue's resource policy.
D
Configure the Lambda function to use the default execution role provided by AWS Lambda without any additional permissions.
E
Manually poll the SQS queue for messages within the Lambda function code.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answers: A, B

Explanation

To enable an AWS Lambda function to process messages from an Amazon SQS queue, you need to ensure the Lambda execution role has proper permissions (such as 'sqs:ReceiveMessage') to access the queue and configure an event source mapping between the SQS queue and the Lambda function. This setup allows Lambda to automatically poll and invoke the function when new messages are available in the queue.

A. Correct.
Correct. The Lambda execution role needs permissions to interact with the SQS queue. Attaching an IAM policy with 'sqs:ReceiveMessage' ensures the function can pull messages from the queue.
B. Correct.
Correct. Enabling the event source mapping establishes the connection between the SQS queue and the Lambda function, allowing automatic invocation of the function when new messages arrive in the queue.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. While resource policies are used to control access to SQS queues, they are not required when Lambda is consuming messages from an SQS queue in the same account. The permissions are managed via the Lambda execution role.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. The default execution role provided by AWS Lambda does not include permissions for accessing SQS queues. Additional permissions must be explicitly attached to the role.
E. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Lambda automatically polls the SQS queue when event source mapping is configured, so manual polling is unnecessary and not recommended.

DVA-C02 Question 9

Single answer

An e-commerce company is building a microservices-based application to handle user orders. The application consists of separate services for order processing, payment, and inventory management. The company wants to ensure loose coupling between services while enabling real-time communication. Which architectural pattern is best suited for this scenario?

A
Event-driven architecture
B
Monolithic architecture
C
Orchestration-based architecture
D
Choreography-based architecture

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

Event-driven architecture is the best choice for this scenario because it promotes loose coupling between microservices while enabling real-time communication. Each service can publish or subscribe to events without direct dependencies on other services, making it highly scalable and maintainable for a microservices-based application.

A. Correct.
Event-driven architecture is ideal for microservices as it allows services to communicate asynchronously through events, ensuring loose coupling and real-time updates. This is suitable for the described use case.
B. Incorrect.
Monolithic architecture is a single, tightly coupled application structure, which goes against the microservices design principle. It is not appropriate for this scenario.
C. Incorrect.
Orchestration-based architecture involves a central controller coordinating service interactions, which introduces tighter coupling. It is less suited for the goal of loose coupling.
D. Incorrect.
Choreography-based architecture allows services to interact through reactive events and is loosely coupled, but it is typically more suitable for complex workflows with high inter-service dependencies. While similar to event-driven architecture, the scenario doesn't explicitly describe such a workflow.

DVA-C02 Question 10

Single answer

Your development team is building a serverless application using AWS Lambda. You need to design the architecture to handle real-time user registration events and ensure that multiple downstream services (such as sending a welcome email, updating a CRM, and logging metrics) are triggered asynchronously. Which architectural pattern is the MOST appropriate for this use case?

A
Event-driven architecture with Amazon SNS and multiple Lambda subscribers
B
Monolithic architecture with a single Lambda function handling all downstream tasks sequentially
C
Orchestration pattern using AWS Step Functions to coordinate downstream tasks
D
Microservices architecture with each task deployed in separate ECS services

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

The event-driven architecture pattern is ideal for scenarios where events (such as user registration) need to trigger multiple independent downstream processes asynchronously. Using Amazon SNS as the event source ensures a scalable and decoupled fanout mechanism, where each downstream service (like sending emails or updating a CRM) can process the event independently.

A. Correct.
This is the correct answer. An event-driven architecture with Amazon SNS allows you to fan out the user registration event to multiple downstream subscribers (such as Lambda functions) asynchronously. This decouples the services and ensures scalability and reliability.
B. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. A monolithic architecture where a single Lambda function sequentially handles all tasks would tightly couple the services, reducing scalability and increasing latency.
C. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. While AWS Step Functions can be used for orchestration, it is better suited for workflows with explicit control and dependency management rather than for fanout scenarios.
D. Incorrect.
This is incorrect. While microservices are a valid architectural pattern, deploying each task as separate ECS services introduces unnecessary complexity for this use case. A serverless, event-driven approach is more suitable.

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What the DVA-C02 exam covers

Official AWS Certified Developer - Associate exam domains and weightings.

Development with AWS Services
32% of exam
Security
26% of exam
Deployment
24% of exam
Troubleshooting and Optimization
18% of exam

DVA-C02 practice questions 1 to 100 of 398

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No. These are original practice questions written to the AWS Certified Developer - Associate exam objectives, not questions copied from a live exam. Memorising leaked questions violates Amazon Web Services's candidate agreement and stops working the moment the question pool rotates. Use this bank to check your understanding of each domain and to find the topics you still need to study.

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398 questions, each with the correct answer, an explanation of the answer, and a note on why every other option is wrong. The first 10 are on this page and every question has its own page linked below.

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The official exam domains are: Development with AWS Services; Security; Deployment; Troubleshooting and Optimization.

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