A network engineer is configuring OSPF between two routers, R1 and R2, in the same area (Area 0). After completing the configuration, the OSPF neighbor relationship does not form. Upon reviewing the configuration and network setup, the engineer notices the following: 1. The IP addresses of the interfaces on both routers are correctly assigned and can ping each other. 2. Both routers are using the same OSPF area. 3. The MTU sizes of the interfaces are mismatched between R1 and R2. 4. Authentication is enabled on R1 but not on R2. Which two issues must the engineer resolve to establish the OSPF neighbor relationship?

A. Ensure the MTU sizes match on both router interfaces.

C. Configure OSPF authentication on R2 to match R1.

A. Ensure the MTU sizes match on both router interfaces.

B. Disable authentication on both routers.

C. Configure OSPF authentication on R2 to match R1.

D. Reassign the OSPF area to a different area on R1.

E. Enable OSPF on additional interfaces on R2.

CiscoProfessional level300-440

300-440 exam dumps: 293 free Cisco ENCC (Cloud Connectivity) practice questions

Free 300-440 practice questions for the Designing and Implementing Cloud Connectivity exam, with the correct answer and a full explanation for every option. Read the first 10 below, browse all 293 by number, or take a timed practice exam.

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300-440 Question 1

Single answer

An enterprise network engineer is configuring OSPF in a multi-area environment. The network consists of several areas, including Area 0 (backbone) and Area 1. The engineer needs to ensure that routes from Area 1 are summarized when advertised into Area 0 to reduce the size of the routing table. Which OSPF configuration step achieves this goal?

A
Configure a summary address on the Area 1 ABR using the 'area range' command.
B
Use the 'summary-address' command on Area 0 routers.
C
Enable OSPF route summarization on all routers in Area 1 using the 'auto-summary' command.
D
Configure the 'default-information originate' command on the Area 0 ABR.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

To summarize routes between OSPF areas, the 'area range' command must be configured on the Area Border Router (ABR) for the area where the summarization is needed. In this scenario, the engineer needs to summarize routes from Area 1 when they are advertised into Area 0. The other options refer to commands that are not applicable or are used for different purposes, such as external route summarization or default route advertisement.

A. Correct.
Correct. The 'area range' command is used on an ABR to summarize routes from one area before advertising them to another area. This reduces the number of specific routes advertised and minimizes the routing table size in other areas.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. The 'summary-address' command is used for redistributing external routes into OSPF, not for summarizing inter-area routes.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. OSPF does not use the 'auto-summary' command, as it is specific to distance-vector protocols like RIP or EIGRP. OSPF requires manual configuration for summarization.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. The 'default-information originate' command is used to advertise a default route into the OSPF domain, not for summarizing routes between areas.

300-440 Question 2

Select 2

A network engineer is configuring OSPF between two routers, R1 and R2, in the same area (Area 0). After completing the configuration, the OSPF neighbor relationship does not form. Upon reviewing the configuration and network setup, the engineer notices the following:

The IP addresses of the interfaces on both routers are correctly assigned and can ping each other.
Both routers are using the same OSPF area.
The MTU sizes of the interfaces are mismatched between R1 and R2.
Authentication is enabled on R1 but not on R2.

Which two issues must the engineer resolve to establish the OSPF neighbor relationship?

A
Ensure the MTU sizes match on both router interfaces.
B
Disable authentication on both routers.
C
Configure OSPF authentication on R2 to match R1.
D
Reassign the OSPF area to a different area on R1.
E
Enable OSPF on additional interfaces on R2.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answers: A, C

Explanation

To establish an OSPF neighbor relationship, several parameters must match, including MTU sizes and authentication settings. In this scenario, the mismatched MTU sizes and inconsistent authentication configurations are the primary issues preventing the OSPF adjacency. Resolving these two issues will allow the routers to form the OSPF neighbor relationship properly.

A. Correct.
OSPF requires the MTU sizes to match on both interfaces to form a neighbor relationship. Mismatched MTU sizes will prevent the adjacency from being established.
B. Incorrect.
Disabling authentication on both routers is not necessary. Instead, authentication should be properly configured on both routers if it is enabled.
C. Correct.
OSPF authentication must be configured consistently on both routers. In this case, R2 needs to be configured to match the authentication settings of R1.
D. Incorrect.
Changing the OSPF area on one router would prevent the neighbor relationship because both routers need to be in the same area for OSPF adjacency.
E. Incorrect.
Enabling OSPF on additional interfaces is not related to the problem described. The issue lies with the interfaces already configured for OSPF, not unconfigured ones.

300-440 Question 3

Single answer

You are configuring OSPF on a network with multiple routers. Router R1 has two interfaces: GigabitEthernet0/0 (10.1.1.1/24) and GigabitEthernet0/1 (192.168.1.1/24). GigabitEthernet0/0 connects to Router R2, while GigabitEthernet0/1 connects to a LAN network. You want to minimize OSPF database size and avoid advertising the LAN network to other routers in the OSPF area. Which configuration should you apply to achieve this?

A
Mark GigabitEthernet0/1 as a passive interface in OSPF.
B
Use the 'default-information originate' command on R1.
C
Configure OSPF area 0 as a stub area.
D
Use a distribute-list to filter LAN routes in OSPF.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

Marking an interface as passive in OSPF ensures that the interface does not participate in OSPF adjacency formation or route advertisement. This is the recommended approach when you want to prevent a connected network, such as the LAN in this scenario, from being advertised into the OSPF domain while still allowing the interface to remain operational for local traffic.

A. Correct.
Marking GigabitEthernet0/1 as a passive interface prevents OSPF from forming adjacencies or advertising routes on that interface, achieving the goal of minimizing the OSPF database and preventing LAN advertisement.
B. Incorrect.
The 'default-information originate' command is used to advertise a default route into OSPF, which does not solve the requirement to avoid advertising the LAN network.
C. Incorrect.
Configuring OSPF area 0 as a stub area reduces the size of LSAs in the area but does not specifically prevent the LAN network from being advertised.
D. Incorrect.
A distribute-list can filter routes, but it is used for controlling routing table updates, not OSPF LSA advertisements.

300-440 Question 4

Single answer

An enterprise network is running OSPF as its routing protocol. The network administrator notices that a specific router in Area 0 is advertising incorrect route information, which is impacting connectivity. To address this, the administrator wants to filter the incorrect routes at the OSPF ASBR level. Which method should the administrator use?

A
Configure a distribute-list on the ASBR to filter routes in OSPF.
B
Use a route-map applied to the OSPF process to filter routes.
C
Apply an access-list directly to the OSPF process on the ASBR.
D
Use a prefix-list applied as an inbound policy on the ASBR.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: B

Explanation

To filter routes in OSPF at the ASBR level, a route-map should be used. Route-maps are versatile and allow the administrator to apply granular policies for route filtering, making them the preferred method in this scenario. Distribute-lists and access-lists are not applicable for OSPF route filtering, and prefix-lists alone are insufficient without being part of a route-map.

A. Incorrect.
A distribute-list cannot directly filter routes in OSPF because distribute-lists are used for filtering routes in protocols like EIGRP and RIP, not OSPF.
B. Correct.
Using a route-map applied to the OSPF process is the correct method to filter routes at the ASBR level. Route-maps provide the flexibility to match and filter routes based on specific criteria.
C. Incorrect.
Access-lists cannot be applied directly to the OSPF process for route filtering. They can be used in conjunction with route-maps but not as a standalone method.
D. Incorrect.
Prefix-lists cannot be applied directly as inbound policies on the ASBR in OSPF. They are typically used to permit or deny specific prefixes but must be combined with other mechanisms like route-maps.

300-440 Question 5

Single answer

A network administrator is tasked with implementing a new routing protocol in a multi-vendor environment. The network contains routers from different vendors, and the administrator needs to ensure that the routing protocol supports scalability, fast convergence, and is standards-based to maintain interoperability. Which routing protocol should the administrator choose?

A
OSPF
B
EIGRP
C
RIP
D
IS-IS

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

In a multi-vendor environment, choosing a routing protocol that is standards-based and widely supported across different vendors is critical. OSPF satisfies these requirements as it is a widely adopted link-state protocol known for its scalability, fast convergence, and interoperability. Other protocols, like EIGRP, lack interoperability due to being proprietary, while RIP and IS-IS either lack scalability or are less commonly used in such scenarios.

A. Correct.
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a standards-based, link-state routing protocol widely supported in multi-vendor environments. It offers fast convergence, scalability, and interoperability, making it the best choice for this scenario.
B. Incorrect.
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is a Cisco proprietary protocol. While it is efficient and scalable, it is not suitable for a multi-vendor environment due to the lack of interoperability with non-Cisco devices.
C. Incorrect.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a distance-vector protocol that is standards-based and interoperable. However, it lacks scalability and fast convergence, making it unsuitable for modern networks requiring high performance.
D. Incorrect.
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) is a standards-based protocol that supports scalability and fast convergence. However, it is less commonly used in multi-vendor environments compared to OSPF, and its adoption is often limited to specific use cases.

300-440 Question 6

Single answer

A network engineer notices that a router is preferring routes from OSPF over EIGRP, even though EIGRP should have a lower administrative distance and be preferred. Upon investigation, the engineer sees that both routing protocols are configured on the router. What could be the cause of this issue?

A
The administrative distance for EIGRP has been manually increased, making OSPF routes preferred.
B
The OSPF process is misconfigured, resulting in higher priority routes.
C
The EIGRP process is running in passive mode, causing it to advertise routes with lower priority.
D
The router's default administrative distance values for OSPF and EIGRP have been swapped.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

This scenario highlights a troubleshooting process where the administrative distance of routing protocols affects route selection. By default, EIGRP has a lower administrative distance (90) than OSPF (110), so EIGRP should be preferred. However, if the administrative distance for EIGRP is manually increased above 110, OSPF routes will be selected instead. Understanding and verifying the administrative distances of routing protocols is crucial in resolving such issues.

A. Correct.
Correct. If the administrative distance for EIGRP is manually increased (e.g., above 110), OSPF routes (with a default administrative distance of 110) will be preferred. This is a common misconfiguration that can cause routing preference issues.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. OSPF misconfigurations typically do not directly affect the administrative distance or routing preference unless administrative distance adjustments are explicitly made.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Passive mode in EIGRP affects adjacency and route advertisement, but it does not directly change the administrative distance of the protocol.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. The default administrative distances for OSPF (110) and EIGRP (90) cannot be swapped unless explicitly modified, which would be a manual configuration and not a default behavior.

300-440 Question 7

Single answer

A network engineer is troubleshooting a route selection issue in a multi-protocol environment. OSPF, EIGRP, and a static route to the same destination network (10.1.1.0/24) are configured on the router. The static route has an administrative distance of 1, OSPF has an administrative distance of 110, and EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90. Despite the EIGRP route being preferred based on administrative distance, traffic is still using the static route. What could be the reason for this behavior?

A
The static route has the lowest administrative distance and will always be preferred.
B
The static route is configured with a longer prefix length than the EIGRP and OSPF routes.
C
The static route is incorrectly configured with a higher metric than the EIGRP route.
D
The static route is redistributed into EIGRP, causing a conflict in route selection.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

Administrative distance determines the trustworthiness of a route source. Lower administrative distances are preferred over higher ones. In this case, the static route has the lowest administrative distance (1) compared to EIGRP (90) and OSPF (110), so it is selected for forwarding traffic to the destination network, regardless of the metrics or routing protocols involved.

A. Correct.
Correct. The static route has the lowest administrative distance (1), which means it will always be preferred over any dynamic routing protocol (like EIGRP or OSPF) for the same destination network.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Prefix length does not impact route selection in this scenario since all routes point to the same destination network (10.1.1.0/24). Administrative distance is the deciding factor here.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. A static route does not use metrics for decision-making. Administrative distance is the primary factor for route selection in this case.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. While redistribution can cause conflicts, it is not relevant here because the static route is not being redistributed into EIGRP.

300-440 Question 8

Single answer

A network engineer is troubleshooting a routing issue in a multi-protocol environment. The network consists of OSPF, EIGRP, and RIP. A router is receiving the same prefix (192.168.10.0/24) from all three routing protocols, but the router installs the RIP route into the routing table. What could be the most likely cause of this issue?

A
The administrative distance of RIP has been manually lowered to 80.
B
The administrative distance of OSPF has been manually increased to 150.
C
The EIGRP process is not running on the router.
D
The router's OSPF and EIGRP routes are being filtered by a route-map.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

Administrative distance determines the trustworthiness of a routing source. By default, RIP (120) has a higher administrative distance than both EIGRP (90) and OSPF (110). If the administrative distance of RIP is manually lowered to 80, it will be preferred over both protocols, and the RIP route will be installed in the routing table. Understanding how administrative distance impacts routing decisions is critical for troubleshooting in multi-protocol environments.

A. Correct.
If the administrative distance of RIP is manually lowered to 80, it becomes more preferred than the default administrative distances of OSPF (110) and EIGRP (90). This would explain why the RIP route is installed in the routing table.
B. Incorrect.
If the administrative distance of OSPF is manually increased to 150, it would still not explain why RIP is being selected over EIGRP, since EIGRP has a lower administrative distance (90).
C. Incorrect.
If the EIGRP process is not running, the router would not receive an EIGRP route for the prefix. However, this does not explain why RIP is selected over OSPF.
D. Incorrect.
If OSPF and EIGRP routes are being filtered by a route-map, the RIP route could be selected as the only available route, but there is no indication of route filtering in this scenario.

300-440 Question 9

Single answer

A network engineer observes that a router is selecting OSPF routes over EIGRP routes in the routing table, even though the EIGRP routes have a lower metric. Upon further investigation, the engineer determines that the administrative distance (AD) of EIGRP has been manually changed. What would be the most likely reason for OSPF routes being preferred over EIGRP routes in this scenario?

A
The administrative distance of EIGRP was increased to a value higher than OSPF's default administrative distance.
B
The OSPF routes are being redistributed into EIGRP, causing a conflict in route selection.
C
The metric of the OSPF routes was manually adjusted to be lower than the EIGRP metric.
D
The EIGRP process is in passive mode, preventing it from advertising its routes.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

Administrative distance (AD) is a measure of the trustworthiness of a routing protocol's routes. Lower AD values are preferred over higher ones. By default, EIGRP has a lower AD (90) than OSPF (110), so EIGRP routes are typically preferred. However, if the AD of EIGRP is manually set to a value higher than 110, OSPF routes will be selected instead, even if the EIGRP routes have a better metric. This explains why OSPF is preferred in this scenario.

A. Correct.
Correct. If the administrative distance of EIGRP is configured to a value higher than OSPF's default AD (110), the router will prefer OSPF routes over EIGRP, regardless of the metric.
B. Incorrect.
Incorrect. Redistributing OSPF routes into EIGRP does not inherently impact the administrative distance of the routes. The issue described relates specifically to administrative distance, not route redistribution.
C. Incorrect.
Incorrect. The metric determines the path selection within a protocol, but AD determines the preference between different routing protocols. This scenario is about administrative distance, not metric adjustments.
D. Incorrect.
Incorrect. A passive EIGRP process would prevent it from forming neighbor adjacencies and advertising routes, but it does not explain the preference of OSPF routes in the routing table.

300-440 Question 10

Single answer

A network engineer has configured a router that is connected to two upstream routers. OSPF is running on one link, while EIGRP is running on the other. Both routing protocols advertise the same destination prefix (10.1.1.0/24) to the local router. The local router is using its default administrative distances. However, the network engineer realizes that traffic is being forwarded over the EIGRP path instead of the OSPF path. What could be the reason?

A
EIGRP has a lower administrative distance than OSPF by default.
B
OSPF routes are preferred due to their lower metric.
C
The router is misconfigured and not learning the OSPF route.
D
EIGRP supports unequal-cost load balancing, which OSPF does not.

Show answer and explanation

Correct answer: A

Explanation

When multiple routing protocols advertise the same destination prefix to a router, the router uses administrative distance to determine which route to install in the routing table. EIGRP has a default administrative distance of 90, which is lower than OSPF's default administrative distance of 110. Therefore, the router prefers the EIGRP route, even if OSPF has a better metric.

A. Correct.
EIGRP has a lower administrative distance (90) compared to OSPF (110) by default. Administrative distance determines the trustworthiness of the route, so the router prefers the EIGRP route.
B. Incorrect.
While OSPF may have a lower metric depending on the topology, administrative distance takes precedence when routes to the same prefix are learned from different routing protocols.
C. Incorrect.
The scenario does not indicate any misconfiguration or absence of the OSPF route. The route is being learned, but it is not chosen because of the higher administrative distance.
D. Incorrect.
Unequal-cost load balancing is a feature of EIGRP, but it is unrelated to the selection of a single best route when multiple protocols advertise the same prefix.

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